TOPIC: Importance Of Some Ecological Factors (Abiotic Factors) To population
Importance Of Oxygen.
Oxygen is important for respiration in order to release energy. In the absence of oxygen, aerobic organisms die off.
2. Light
Light is needed by green plants for photosynthesis. It regulates the activities of plants and animals such as feeding, reproduction, and migration. Where the intensity of light is adequate, there is tendency for organisms to increase in population.
3. Rainfall
Rainfall provides rivers, streams, lakes and other water bodies with water. Water is a critical factor for Terrestrial organisms and some fresh water organisms when it becomes insufficient. Water, from rainfall is used for photosynthesis, germination of seeds. seed dispersal and reproduction in some plants. Animals like toads, frogs and fish cannot reproduce or even survive without water. Water from rainfall is used for, many metabolic processes in animals. The amount of rainfall determines the distribution of trees in the main vegetational world. Some animals such as snail, earthworm etc tend to be abundant in rainy season when there is sufficient rainfall.
However, rainfall has negative effect on some animals such as bird, eg, kite which tend to migrate to area with low rainfall.
4. Temperature
Temperature varies in different Habitats at different time of the day and night. This variation has different effects on the distribution of plants and animals. Cold blooded animals hide when the temperature is too high and come out when the temperature is normal. High temperature can lead to desiccation(drying up) in plants and animals.
5. Wind
Wind is an agent of rock weathering, spore, seed, and fruit dispersal. Wind speed and direction affect many flying animals.
6. PH
A PH of 7 is neutral.PH of 1-6 is acid. PH above 7 is alkaline. Some plants do well only in acidic soil, some can do well in alkaline soil while some can do well in neutral soil.
Assignment
Mention one instrument used in measuring each of the following ecological factors.
1. Light 2. Rainfall 3. Temperature 4. Wind speed and wind direction 5. Relative humidity 6. Atmospheric pressure 7.Water density 8. Turbidity of water 9. PH of soil and water 10. Population of plants and animals.
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