JSS 1 ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Subject:English Language

Class:J.S.1

Topic: Reported Speech

This simply means reporting (saying) what someone else has said. There are two ways of saying (reporting) what someone has said;

1.by using the person’s exact word (direct speech).

2.by not using the person’s exact word (indirect).

      That is to say that reported speech is same as direct and indirect speech. E.g;

1a. I love you. (direct speech)

 b.The woman told her son that she loved him. (indirect speech)

2a.I can drive a car.(direct speech)

b.The man said that he could drive a car.(indirect speech)

Changing Sentences from Direct to Indirect Speech.

        The following rules are to be observed when changing sentences from direct to indirect speech:

1.Use past forms of verbs,because you are talking about the past.E.g;

a.I am coming.(direct speech)

b.He  said that he was coming.(indirect speech)

2.The modal auxiliaries; “must”, ‘ought to”, and “used to” are not changed.E.g;

a.You must sleep.(direct speech)

b.The woman said that the baby must sleep.(indirect speech)

3.There is no change in the past auxiliaries; would, could, should and might.E.g;

a.”Would you mind lending me your pen?”(direct speech)

1. I asked if she would mind lending me her pen.(indirect speech)
2. First and second person pronouns change to third person pronouns. E.g;
3. I like ice cream.(direct speech)
4. He said that he liked ice cream.(indirect speech)
5. Other words which refer to time may change. E.g;

This changes to that

These __ those

Here __ there

Now __ then or at that moment

Today____that day

Yesterday____the previous day

Tomorrow __ the next day

E.g;

1. We are here. (direct speech)
2. She said that they were there.(indirect speech)
3. Use “if” or “whether” when reporting questions.E.g;

a.”Can you lend me your pen ?” He asked. (direct speech)

1. He asked if I could lend him my pen. (indirect speech)

Exercise: Change the following questions from direct to indirect speech.

1.He asked,”Can you receive the national anthem?”

2.He asked,”Will you drive to work tomorrow?”

3.”What have you eaten today?”my mother asked.

4.My uncle asked,”Will they visit in this winter?”

5.Sola asked,”Who’s there?”

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