AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
SS2
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF FARM ANIMAL
WK7
ANATOMY
This is the branch of agricultural biology that deals with the study of the form and structure of
the body.
PHYSIOLOGY
This refers to the function of the forms and structures of the body.
PARTS OF FARM ANIMALS
This is divided into four major groups as follows,
i. Head iii. Thoracic cavity
ii. Abdominal Cavity iv. Limbs
HEAD
This is the upper part of the body. The major organs found in the head region are brains, eyes, tongue,
ears, mouth and nose.
THORACIC CAVITY
The thoracic cavity refers to the chest region of the body. The major organs found her are heart, lungs
and trachea.
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
This refers to the stomach region of the body. The Organs in those region are pancreas, liver, uterus,
stomach, oviduct, kidneys etc.
LIMBS
The limbs include the fore limbs and the hind limbs. The limbs are used for walking. Some systems that
maintains the body include,
1. Digestive system
2. Circulatory system
3. Respiratory system
4. Reproductive system
5. Neurons
Digestive system
This refer to all organs and tissues associated with breaking down food in the body. It includes the
teeth or beak, tongue, alimentary canal, and the associated glands including the secretory enzymes.
CLASSIFICATION OF FARM ANIMALS BASED ON THE ALIMENTARY CANAL OR DIGESTIVE TRACTS.
Farm animals are grouped into two main classes,
i. Monogastrics or non-ruminant animals
ii. Polygastrics or Ruminant animals
MONOGASTRICS OR NON RUMINANT ANIMALS
These animals possess only one stomach and do not chew cud. These non-ruminants have simple
stomach and cannot digest cellulose and fibers properly. Examples are the pig, rabbit, and poultry
POLYGASTRICS OR RUMINANT ANIMALS
These farm animals which possess four chambered stomach or complex stomach, hence the chew cud.
The four chambered stomach includes the Rumen, Reticulum, Omasium and Abomesum
ASSIGNMENT
Explain the circulatory system in farm animals.
Submit assignment at the school’s security post
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